Which Translation: The Odyssey

The olive-tree bed (23.181–190) — Which Translation: The Odyssey

Daniel Mendelsohn

2025 · Hexameter verse
So she spoke, testing her husband. But now Odysseus
Grew angry at his wife, whose thoughts were so true, and addressed her:
“Woman, what you have said deeply pains my heart—
Who has moved my bedstead somewhere else? That would be hard
For even a man who is skilled—not unless some god were to come
And easily, just by willing it, move it somewhere else.
There is no one living mortal, however young and strong,
Who could pry it loose without effort, for a great sign has been built into
That bed with its artful design. I made it myself—no one else.

Michael Solot

2025 · Accentual verse
She was testing her husband, who leapt to his feet in a fury.
“Woman!”—he yelled at his faithful, unwavering wife—
“What a horrible, heart-stabbing thing you just said! Our bed?
Somebody moved it? But no one, no matter how cunning,
Could ever have shifted it out of its place! A god,
If he came here in person, might easily fling it around,
But there isn’t a mortal who’d ever be able to budge it—
Not even a man in his prime! At the peak of his strength!
A great secret was built in that marvelous bedstead—by me,
And not anyone else. I was the master who made it.

Robert Henry Dawson

2025 · Prose
Thus she spoke, testing her husband. But Odysseus, grieved, addressed his faithful wife: “Woman, this word you have spoken is truly painful. Who has moved my bed elsewhere? It would be difficult, even for a skilled man, unless a god himself, coming easily, wished to set it in another place. No living man, even young and in his strength, could easily move it, for a great sign was crafted into that bed. I myself labored on it, and none else.

William Mann

2022 · Free verse
So she spoke to test her husband. But Oduséus
said in anger to his wife who knew only love:
“O wife. These words you speak are agony to my heart.
Who has set my bed elsewhere? Hard would it be
even for one of great knowledge unless a god himself had come
and moved it easily in another place by his will.
Among all living men there is no man of any youth or strength
to lift it easily for the bed was built in a special way
that was my work. For I created it by myself with no one else.

Charles Underwood

2022 · Prose
She spoke like this to test her husband, and Odysseus lost his temper, and raised his voice at his cautious-minded wife. “Woman, what you’re saying is utterly heartbreaking. Who put my bed somewhere else? It would be hard, even for someone who knows what he’s doing, unless a god has come and on his own, easily set it down in another place. But here among men, there’s no one alive, no matter how young, who could pry it out of place without difficulty, because there’s a great feature that is built into the bed’s construction, and I built it and no one else.

Peter Green

2018 · Hexameter verse
So she spoke,
making trial of her husband. But Odysseus in response
burst out in anger, and addressed his true wife, saying:
“Woman, this word you’ve said embitters my heart!
Who’s moved my bed elsewhere? A hard job that would be,
even for a skilled worker, unless some god came down
in person, and chose to shift it: easy enough for him!
But of mortals no man alive, however young and strong,
could dislodge it, for a great token was embodied
in the bed that I fashioned—I, and no other man!

Anthony Verity

2017 · Free verse
So she spoke, testing her husband; and Odysseus burst out in anger,
and addressed his faithful-minded wife:
‘Lady, what you have just said causes me pain in my heart.
Who has moved my bed to another place? That would be hard
to do, even for a very skilled man, unless some god decided
to come here in person and easily set it down somewhere else.
There is no man alive, not even one in the prime of life,
who could shift it without difficulty, since there is a unique
token artfully built into it; it was my work, and mine alone.

Richard Whitaker

2017 · Accentual verse
This she said to test her husband. Odysseus,
flaring up, replied to his true-hearted spouse:
“Wife, what you’ve said has cut me to the quick.
Who moved my bed? Even for an expert
it would be hard – unless some god came here
and lightly moved it to another place.
But no mortal man, however young and strong,
could shift it, for a great secret was built
into that bed, made by me and no one else.

Emily Wilson

2017 · Blank verse
She spoke to test him, and Odysseus
was furious, and told his loyal wife,
“Woman! Your words have cut my heart! Who moved
my bed? It would be difficult for even
a master craftsman—though a god could do it
with ease. No man, however young and strong,
could pry it out. There is a trick to how
this bed was made. I made it, no one else.

Herbert Jordan

2014 · Blank verse
She said that as a test of him. Odysseus,
incensed, protested to his cautious wife:
“Woman, the words you spoke have cut me deeply!
Has someone moved my bed? That would be hard
for any man, although a god could come
and simply set it in another place.
No mortal, even one in youthful prime,
could budge it. No, there is a secret made
into that bed, which I alone once built.

Joe Sachs

2014 · Prose
Those were the words she spoke to test her husband. But Odysseus burst out in anger at his shrewd and faithful wife: “Woman, this is a gut-wrenching thing for you to say! Who moved my bed to a different place? That would be a hard thing to do, even for someone with expert skill, unless a god himself came in and easily moved it any other place he wanted. But among mortals, there’s no man alive, not even in the prime of life, who could make it budge, because there’s a great secret in the construction of that bed. I and no one else did the work.

Barry B. Powell

2014 · Accentual verse
So she spoke, putting her husband
to the test. But Odysseus, bursting with anger, spoke to his sensible
wife: “Woman—truly you have uttered a grievous word! Who has
moved my bed elsewhere? That would be hard to do even for one
highly skilled, unless some god should come down himself
and easily will it to be in another place. But no living man, no matter
how young and strong, could easily have moved it, for a great
sign is built into the decorated bed. I made it, and no one else.

Norbert A. D. Albertson

2013 · Free verse
This she said to test her lord. But Odysseus,
Flushed with anger, said to his truehearted wife,
“Woman, these words are bitter to my heart.
Who has moved my bed? Hard would that be,
Even for someone of great skill. A god
Might come and move it lightly away, if he wished.
But no living man, in all the strength of his youth,
Could easily upheave it, for a great sign is built
In the well-wrought bed; it was I who made it, no other.

Brian Dawkins

2013 · Free verse
In this way she tested her husband.
Odysseus with a heavy heart addressed his wily wife.
“Wife, what you say distresses me greatly.
Who has shifted my bed? That would be difficult
Even for one of great skill. Even a God
Would not easily place it elsewhere.
No mortal alive, however strong,
Would be able to shift it, because of its very nature.
I alone laboured over the building of it.

Stephen Mitchell

2013 · Accentual verse
She had spoken these words as a test. Odysseus, angry
and hurt, cried out to her, “Woman, what you just told me
pierces my heart. What man dared move my bed?
He must have found it a difficult task, however
skillful a workman he was, unless some god came
and helped him move it. There is no man alive
who is capable of prying that bed from its place.
I built it myself, and a secret went into its making.

Richard Wilding

2011 · Free verse
So she spoke to test him, but Odysseus
turned on his wife in anger:
‘Woman, what you’ve just said has bruised my heart.
Who dared to move my bed? That would be hard enough
even for a craftsman unless god came to help him
to pick up the bed and put it somewhere else.
As for a mortal, even the young and strong
could hardly shift it. That specially-built bed
is the secret sign of our marriage. I made it, I alone.

Charles Stein

2008 · Free verse
So she spoke, testing her husband.
But Odysseus flashed with anger at his wife
(whose heart in fact rang true):
“O woman, the word you speak is a bitter one.
Who has put my bed
in some place other than in the chamber?
It would be a difficult thing to do—
even for a skillful person—
unless a god himself appeared
and easily moved it elsewhere by his will.
No mortal alive, however in the vigor of youth,
could readily dislodge it,
for a great secret sign is constructed
into the design of that bed,
and I and no other built it.

James Huddleston

2006 · Free verse
So said she, testing her husband. Then Odysseus,
in anger, said to his true-hearted wife:
“Woman, ah, this word you’ve said is very painful to the heart.
Who put my bed elsewhere? It would be hard,
even for a very expert one, unless a god himself came to him,
and easily, by wishing, put it in another place.
No man alive, no mortal, not even fully in his prime,
could easily move it, since a great sign is built
into the artful bed. I, and not any other, built it.

Ian Johnston

2006 · Hexameter verse
Penelope said these words to test her husband.
But Odysseus, upset at his true-hearted wife,
replied and said:
“Woman, those words you uttered
are very painful. Who’s shifted my bed
to somewhere else? That would be difficult,
even for someone truly skilled, unless
a god came down in person—for he could,
if he so wished, set it elsewhere with ease.
But among men there is no one living,
no matter how much energy he has,
who would find it easy to shift that bed.
For built into the well-constructed bedstead
is a great symbol which I made myself
with no one else.

A. S. Kline

2004 · Prose
These were words to test her husband. But Odysseus, angered, rounded on his loyal wife: ‘Lady, those are truly bitter words you speak. Who has moved my bed? That would be hard, even with the greatest skill, unless perhaps some god arrived who could easily choose to set it down somewhere else. But no mortal man alive however young and strong could easily shift it from its place, since a great secret went into its making, and it was my work and mine alone.

Edward McCrorie

2004 · Accentual verse
She spoke that way to test her man. But Odysseus
bridled and told his wife, who was knowing and careful,
“Woman, your words are really galling my own heart.
Who settled my old bed elsewhere? Even a greatly
skilled worker would find that hard. Maybe a God could,
arriving there and wanting blithely to settle it elsewhere.
But men? Not even the strongest man in his best prime
could simply move it. That bed was built as a great sign
worked out all by myself: nobody helped me.

Rodney Merrill

2002 · Hexameter verse
“These are indeed, my wife, heart-anguishing words you have spoken!
Who can have put my bed in another place? Even for someone
very expert, it would be quite hard, unless one of the gods came
and easily put it elsewhere if he wished to.
No one of mortals who now are alive, even one in full vigor,
ever could easily change its position, because in the well-wrought
bed a great token was fixed—I worked on it; nobody else did.

R. L. Eickhoff

2001 · Prose
Odysseus’s eyes flashed at this and he stood up, looking down at her, anger spilling from him as greatly as the anger that ravaged the great hall earlier. “What’s this? By the gods, woman, you’ve goaded me strongly, now! Who has moved my bed? What man dared? No one had the art for that—unless a god whispered secretly into his ear. No mortal could move that bed with a rock and lever unless he knew the secret that we kept between us and built into that bed.

Martin Hammond

2000 · Prose
So she spoke, and she was testing her husband. But Odysseus flared into anger and said to his loyal wife: ‘What you say now, wife, is a pain right to my heart. Who has moved my bed? That would be hard even for the most skilled of men – unless a god were to come in person and place that bed elsewhere in the ease of his will. But no living man, not even the strongest, could easily shift that bed – because something very special went into its making: and it was I who made it, no one else.

Stanley Lombardo

2000 · Tetrameter verse
She was testing her husband.
Odysseus
Could bear no more, and he cried out to his wife:
“By God, woman, now you’ve cut deep.
Who moved my bed? It would be hard
For anyone, no matter how skilled, to move it.
A god could come down and move it easily,
But not a man alive, however young and strong,
Could ever pry it up. There’s something telling
About how that bed’s built, and no one else
Built it but me.

Robert Fagles

1996 · Free verse
Putting her husband to the proof —but Odysseus
blazed up in fury, lashing out at his loyal wife:
“Woman —your words, they cut me to the core!
Who could move my bed? Impossible task,
even for some skilled craftsman —unless a god
came down in person, quick to lend a hand,
lifted it out with ease and moved it elsewhere.
Not a man on earth, not even at peak strength,
would find it easy to prise it up and shift it, no,
a great sign, a hallmark lies in its construction.
I know, I built it myself —no one else . . .
So she spoke, testing her husband. But Odysseus, breaking out in anger, spoke to his true-hearted wife, and said: “Woman, truly this is a bitter word that you have spoken. Who has set my bed elsewhere? Hard would it be even for someone of great skill, unless a god should come and easily of his own choice set it in another place. But of men there is no mortal that lives, however young and strong, who could easily pry it from its place, for a great token is worked into the making of the bed, and it was I that built it and no one else.

R. D. Dawe

1993 · Prose
So she spoke, putting her husband to the test. Odysseus in dismay addressed the wife whose thoughts were loyal: ‘My wife, what you have just said is painful to my heart. Who has put my bed somewhere else? It would be hard even for a really skilled man, unless a god came along himself and put it in a different place, easily, if he wanted to; but of men no living human being, not even one full of vigour, could easily lever it up, because its construction is a tour de force on the elaborate bed, which I worked on and no one else.

Brian Kemball-Cook

1993 · Hexameter verse
Speaking thus she was putting her man to test; but Odysseus
All of a sudden was seized with anger and said to his good wife:
‘Lady, the words that you spoke to me then were bitter and wounding.
Who can have shifted my bed elsewhere? such a task would be taxing
Even for one who is skilled, unless some god were to move it
Elsewhere, since any task for a god, if he wills it, is light work;
But there is no man living today who could easily shift it,
Not if he were in his prime; built into the bed was a mighty
Secret, and no other craftsman but I constructed the bedstead.
This was her way of putting her husband to the test. But Odysseus flared up at once and rounded on his loyal wife. ‘Lady,’ he cried, ‘your words are a knife in my heart! Who has moved my bed? That would be hard even for a skilled workman, though for a god who took it into his head to come and move it somewhere else it would be quite easy. No man alive, not even one in his prime, would find it easy to shift. A great secret went into the making of that complicated bed; and it was my work and mine alone.

Allen Mandelbaum

1990 · Blank verse
These words of hers were meant to test Odysseus.
Incensed, her husband cried to his keen wife:
“Woman, your words have wounded me. Who tore
my bedstead from its base? For it would take
a god—if he so pleased—to shift its place.
No man alive, however young and strong,
with mortal force alone could hope to budge
that bed without great strain, for it contains
a scret in its making. No one else
contrived that bed: I fashioned it myself.

Walter Shewring

1980 · Prose
So she spoke, putting her husband to the test. Then Odysseus in sudden anger said to his faithful wife: ‘Your words have wounded me to the quick. Who can have put my bed elsewhere? That would task the most cunning workman, unless a god whose will can make all things easy should come in person and set it down in some other place. No mortal on earth – no, not if he were in his prime – would find it easy to shift that bed, because a strange secret lies in its fashioning. I was the maker, no one else.

Denison Bingham Hull

1978 · Blank verse
She spoke to test her husband, but Odysseus,
vexed with this wife who knew her duties, cried:
“Woman, the words you spoke have made my heart ache!
Who’s moved my bed? It would be hard for even
a skillful man, unless a god should come
and move it easily to another place.
No mortal, even in the prime of life,
could move it, and a secret sign was built
into the bed that I, none other, made.

Richmond Lattimore

1967 · Hexameter verse
So she spoke to her husband, trying him out, but Odysseus
spoke in anger to his virtuous-minded lady:
‘What you have said, dear lady, has hurt my heart deeply. What man
has put my bed in another place? But it would be difficult
for even a very expert one, unless a god, coming to help in
person, were easily to change its position.
But there is no mortal man alive, no strong man, who lightly
could move the weight elsewhere. There is one particular feature
in the bed’s construction. I myself, no other man, made it.

Albert Spaulding Cook

1967 · Free verse
So she said, testing her husband. But Odysseus
Grew angry and spoke to his wife, who had a sense of devotion:
“My wife, this is a heart-hurting speech you have made.
Who has put my bed elsewhere? That would be hard
Even for one very skilled, unless a god came in person,
And easily, if he wished, might put it in another place.
No mortal man alive, not even one in his vigor,
Could dislodge it easily, since a great token was made
In the well-wrought bed. I worked on it, and nobody else.

Preston H. Epps

1965 · Prose
Thus she spoke, testing out her husband. And Odysseus, vexed to impatience, said to his devoted wife: “Woman, heartrending indeed are these words that you have spoken. Who has moved my bed elsewhere? A difficult task that would be, even for a highly skilled person, unless some god who wished it should come in person and easily put it in some other place. But no living mortal, not even in full youthful prime, could easily have removed it, since a great distinguishing feature was built into the curiously wrought bed, a bed which I and no one else laboriously built.

Robert Fitzgerald

1961 · Free verse
With this she tried him to the breaking point,
and he turned on her in a flash raging:
“Woman, by heaven you’ve stung me now!
Who dared to move my bed?
No builder had the skill for that—unless
a god came down to turn the trick. No mortal
in his best days could budge it with a crowbar.
There is our pact and pledge, our secret sign,
built into that bed—my handiwork
and no one else’s!

Ennis Rees

1960 · Accentual verse
So she spoke, to see what her husband would say.
And Odysseus lost his composure and angrily spoke
To his clever and faithful wife: “Truly, woman,
Those words were bitter and painful! Who has moved
My bed? No easy job, I can tell you, no matter
How skilled a man were, though a god if he wished might come
And easily put it elsewhere. But no mere mortal
Alive, however young and lusty, would find it
Easy to pry that bed out of place—for I alone
Built it, and a greatly unusual feature went into
The careful construction of that elaborate bed.

S. O. Andrew

1948 · Accentual verse
So spake she, her husband to prove, and Odysseus perplex’d,
At once to his true-hearted wife made answer and spake:
‘Verily, wife, thou hast spoken a heart-piercing word.
Who then has mov’d the bedstead? Hard would it be
For any, how skill’d soever, since only a God
Could move it with ease from the chamber, if such were his will,—
But of men there is none upon earth so lusty and strong
As to lift it lightly. A wonderful secret was wrought
In the framing thereof, and by none was it wrought but myself

E. V. Rieu

1946 · Prose
This was her way of putting her husband to the test. But Odysseus flared up at once and rounded on his loyal wife. ‘Penelope,’ he cried, ‘you exasperate me! Who, if you please, has moved my bed elsewhere? Short of a miracle, it would be hard even for a skilled workman to shift it somewhere else, and the strongest young fellow alive would have a job to budge it. For a great secret went into the making of that complicated bed; and it was my work and mine alone.

W. H. D. Rouse

1937 · Prose
This was a little trap for her husband. He burst into a rage: “Wife, that has cut me to the heart! Who has moved my bed? That would be a difficult job for the best workman, unless God himself should come down and move it. It would be easy for God, but no man could easily prize it up, not the strongest man living! There is a great secret in that bed. I made it myself, and no one else touched it.

T. E. Lawrence

1932 · Prose
This she said to draw her husband out; and indeed Odysseus was ruffled into protesting to his wife, “Woman, this order pains my heart. Who has changed my bed? It would task the cunningest man — forbye no God happened to shift it in whim — for not the stoutest wight alive could heave it up directly. That bed’s design held a marvellous feature of my own contriving.

Robert H. Hiller

1927 · Prose
This she said to put her husband to the test. But Odysseus in anger said to his faithful wife: “Woman, these are heart-breaking words of yours! Who has been moving my bedstead? Why, that would be a hard thing to do, even for one who had great skill, unless a very god should come and at his will easily put it in another place! No living man, even in his prime, could change its position; for a great token has been wrought into the curiously-fashioned bed. I built it myself, and none other.

William Sinclair Marris

1925 · Blank verse
So said she, and made trial of her lord
But in a burst of anger spake Odysseus
To his true wife: ‘ A bitter word is this,
That thou hast spoken, lady! who hath moved
My bed elsewhere? that were it hard to do,
E’en for a man of skill, unless some god
In person came, and lightly at his will
Set it elsewhere. But there is no man living,
However young and strong, who could upheave it
With ease, because in fashioning the bed
Was wrought a mighty token. And ’twas I
Made it and no one else.

Francis Caulfeild

1921 · Hexameter verse
So did she speak to test what her lord might know: but Odysseus,
Answered in anger and spoke to his wife too cautiously minded:
“Lady, it grieves me much to hear the word you have spoken.
Who, I must ask you, has moved that bed? ’Twere a difficult matter
E’en for a skilful man: though of course an Immortal from heaven
Could put it where he liked, and with ease, if so he desired.
But not a mortal man could move that bed with a crowbar,
Though in the prime of life: because there’s a wondrous contrivance
Hid in that well-wrought bed, which myself and no other invented.

A. T. Murray

1919 · Prose
So she spoke, and made trial of her husband. But Odysseus, in a burst of anger, spoke to his true-hearted wife, and said: “Woman, truly this is a bitter word that thou hast spoken. Who has set my bed elsewhere? Hard would it be for one, though never so skilled, unless a god himself should come and easily by his will set it in another place. But of men there is no mortal that lives, be he never so young and strong, who could easily pry it from its place, for a great token is wrought in the fashioned bed, and it was I that built it and none other.

Henry Bernard Cotterill

1911 · Hexameter verse
Thus did she speak as a test for her husband ; and much was Odysseus
Angered thereat, and he turned to his own true wife and addressed her :
“Verily, wife, this word thou hast spoken is grievously cruel.
Who hath removed it—the bed that I built ? ’Twere difficult truly
E’en for a man right skilful, unless some deity helped him.
Though for a god ’twere easy to move it wherever he listed,
Never a mortal that liveth, not e’en in the prime of his manhood,
Out of its place could heave it with handspikes. Great is the secret
Touching that fine-wrought bed—for I made it myself and in private.

J. W. Mackail

1903 · Quatrains
And rugs and fleeces.” So she spake to try
Her husband; but Odysseus ill-content
Thus to his wife wise-hearted made reply:
“O wife, this word you utter likes me ill,
Who moved the bed! that were a feat of skill
Hard to perform, except a God himself
Coming removed it lightly at his will.
“But of live mortals none, though young he be
And lusty, from its place might easily
Remove it; for a rare device was wrought
In the bed’s framing, by no man but me.

Samuel Butler

1900 · Prose
She said this to try him, but Ulysses was very angry and said, “Wife, I am much displeased at what you have just been saying. Who has been taking my bed from the place in which I left it? He must have found it a hard task, no matter how skilled a workman he was, unless some god came and helped him to shift it. There is no man living, however strong and in his prime, who could move it from its place, for it is a marvellous curiosity which I made with my very own hands.

J. G. Cordery

1897 · Blank verse
She spoke, to test her husband; deeply moved,
He turned on his pure-minded wife, and said:
“My Wife, this word thou utterest breaks my heart.
Who to my hurt hath moved that bed elsewhere?
That were no easy task, unless a God
Descending by his power transplanted is.
Certes no man, though in his flower of life,
Without long toil could move it. In that bed’s
Fine framework a great token lies concealed,
Wrought by me only and by none beside.

William Morris

1887 · Rhyming irregular lines
Thus she spake to prove her husband; but Odysseus, grieved at heart,
Spake thus unto his bed-mate well-skilled in gainful art:
“O woman, thou sayest a word exceeding grievous to me!
Who hath otherwhere shifted my bedstead? full hard for him should it be,
For as deft as he were, unless soothly a very God come here,
Who easily, if he willed it, might shift it otherwhere.
But no mortal man is living, how strong soe’er in his youth,
Who shall lightly hale it elsewhere, since a mighty wonder forsooth
Is wrought in that fashioned bedstead, and I wrought it, and I alone.

George Herbert Palmer

1884 · Prose
She said this in the hope to prove her husband; but Odysseus spoke in anger to his faithful wife: “Woman, these are bitter words which you have said! Who set my bed elsewhere? A hard task that would be for one, however skilled,—unless a god should come and by his will set it with ease upon some other spot; but among men no living being, even in his prime, could lightly shift it; for a great token is carved into its curious frame. I built it; no one else.

Arthur S. Way

1880 · Fourteeners
So spake she the testing-word for her husband,—Odysseus started,
And indignation-stirred he cried to the queen wise-hearted:
“Lady, a heart-stinging word and a cruel is this thou hast said!
Who hath elsewhither moved my couch?—good sooth, he were hard bestead,
Were he never so cunning—save haply a God himself came there,
Who would lightly uplift at his pleasure and set down otherwhere;—
But no man living, though never so stalwart-young were he,
Would lightly upheave it; for there is a sign and a marvel to see
Done in the carven bed; I wrought it, and none beside.

Butcher & Lang

1879 · Prose
So she spake and made trial of her lord, but Odysseus in sore displeasure spake to his true wife, saying: “Verily a bitter word is this, lady, that thou hast spoken. Who has set my bed otherwhere? Hard it would be for one, how skilled so ever, unless a god were to come that might easily set it in another place, if so he would. But of men there is none living, howsoever strong in his youth, that could lightly upheave it, for a great token is wrought in the fashioning of the bed, and it was I that made it and none other.

Roscoe Mongan

1879 · Prose
Thus she spoke, making trial of her husband; but Ulysses, grieving, addressed his wife, who knew what was prudent: O lady! you have indeed uttered this speech very grievous to the mind. Who has placed for me my bed elsewhere? It would be difficult even for one who is very skilful, except the deity himself coming, who would easily, if he wished it, put it in another place. But of men, no mortal alive, even if he were in full vigour, could easily unfasten it; since a great sign is made in the well-wrought bed; and I, and no other person, laboriously formed it.

G. A. Schomberg

1879 · Blank verse
This speech she made to put him to the proof,
If he her husband were. In anger then
Ulysses thus addressed his constant wife:
“Lady, thou sayest this to vex my soul:
Who has the couch removed? ’Twere hard indeed
For man to do, however skilled he were,—
Except a god should come; he easily,
If so he willed, might move the couch away:
No living mortal, be he man or youth,
Could heave it lightly from its resting-place;
For in that quaint-wrought bed a secret lies.
I wrought the couch myself, and no one else.

Mordaunt Barnard

1876 · Blank verse
She thus to try her husband spoke; but he
Disturbed, addressed again his prudent wife:
‘Lady! the word thou speakest grieves my heart.
‘Who has removed my couch elsewhere? ’twere hard
‘E’en for a very skillful one, unless
‘A God should come, and he could, if he willed,
‘With ease remove it to another place:
‘But none of mortal men alive, not one
‘In prime of life, could move its fastenings;
‘For a great wonder in that well-made bed
‘Was wrought, which I and no one else contrived.

William Cullen Bryant

1871 · Blank verse
She spake to try her husband; but, displeased,
Ulysses answered thus his virtuous queen:—
“O woman, thou hast said unwelcome words.
Who hath displaced my bed? That task were hard
For long-experienced hands, unless some god
Had come to shift its place. No living man,
Even in his prime of years, could easily
Have moved it, for in that elaborate work
There was a mystery; it was I myself
Who shaped it, no one else.

Lovelace Bigge-Wither

1869 · Accentual verse
Thus did she speak, sore-trying of her husband:
But sorely vexed at heart was great Odysseus,
And thus addressed his all-too-cautious wife:
“Oh ladie! sure a bitter word thou’st said!
And who hath placed my bed elsewhere? ’twere hard
E’en for a wight, who knew it all, to do so;
Unless some god should come himself, and place it
By force of-his-will with ease on-another site.
Of men no living mortal-in-pride of manhood
Would easily-move it: a mighty marvel lies
In that wrought bed: I worked it, and no other!

G. W. Edginton

1869 · Blank verse
Tempting her husband thus she spake to him.
Ulysses troubled much then spake to her:
“This word s, O woman, bitter to my heart!
My couch who hath plac’d elsewhere? t’would be hard
For one with greatest skill, unless a god,
To place ‘t with ease within another place:
Not one of mortal men, e’en in youth’s prime,
Could move it readily; a great sign’s wrought
In that elaborate couch, none made but I!

George Musgrave

1865 · Blank verse
She ceas’d;
Her lord hereby intent to test,—who thus
The wife who well her duty conjugal
Knew how to fill, in mournful tone address’d:—
“Lady ! heart-grieving and most sad is this
Which thou hast just commanded! Who is it
That hath my bed to any spot remote
From where it stood, remov’d! An arduous task
Were it for any one, however skill’d,
That couch to shift;—except some god, indeed,
Who might with ease, if so he will’d, anew
Its station fix. But, not a man that lives,—
Though with the strength of youthful prime endow’d,
Could without toil extreme that couch displace.
A feature of great note is in its frame
(So curiously wrought) work’d up,—whereon my hand
Alone, and no one’s else, was occupied:—

T. S. Norgate

1863 · Blank verse
So spake she indeed to put her lord to the proof:
Whereat Odusseus wrathful thus addressed
His consort shrewd and duteous: “Here thou hast spoken
“Sure, sure a heart-distressing word, O woman!
“And who, who has put my bedstead forth elsewhere?
“‘T were a hard task for one however cunning;
“Save were a god himself to come and set it,
“With ease if so he chose, in a room elsewhere:
“Of men howe’er no never a living mortal,
“Not e’en in prime and pride of life, might easily
“Upheave it out of the way: for a signal token
“Within that curious bedstead is contrived,
“Which I, yes I, and never another, wrought.

Philip Stanhope Worsley

1861 · Spenserian stanzas
Thus she spake, proving him. He, direly stirred,
Quick to his loyal wife made answer there:
“Wife, thou hast spoken a soul-piercing word.
Tell me what hand hath set my couch elsewhere.
Yea, for a skilled man very hard it were,
Save a god helped him, who can all things do.
Lives not a mortal, though life’s flower he bear,
Could stir it. For with that bed’s growth there grew
A wondrous sign, my work; none else that secret knew.

J. A. Giles

1858 · Prose
‘Ως αρα thus εφη she said, πειρωμενη making trial ποσιος of her husband: αυταρ but Οδυσσευς Ulysses οχθησας sighing προσεφωνεεν addressed αλοχον his wife, ειδυιαν knowing κεδνα prudent things. “Ω γυναι oh lady, η μαλα verily indeed εειπες thou hast spoken τουτο επος this word θυμαλγες grievous to my heart: τις δε but who θηκεν has placed μοι for me λεχος my bed αλλοσε elsewhere? ειη δε κε but it would be χαλεπον difficult και even μαλα επισταμενω to one who well knew, οτε μη when not [unless when] εος the god αυτος himself επελθων coming θειη should place it ῥηϊδως easily αλλη ενι χωρῃ in another place: ανδρων δε but of men ου τις βροτος no mortal ζωος alive, ουδε nor μαλ’ ἥβων full grown youth μετοχλισσειε κε could unfasten it ῥεια easily: επει since μεγα σημα a great token τετυκται has been made εν λεχει ασκητῳ in the well wrought bed: εγω δε and I, ουδε τις αλλος and no other, καμον toiled in making το to it.

Theodore Alois Buckley

1851 · Prose
Thus indeed she spoke, trying her husband; but Ulysses grieving addressed his wife, who knew prudent things: “O lady; very grievous indeed is this word thou hast uttered. Who has placed my bed elsewhere? difficult would it be even for one who is very skilful, except the deity himself, coming, were with ease, if he wished it, to put it in another place. No living mortal among men alive, even if he were in the vigour of youth, would easily move it away; since a great sign is wrought in the well-worked bed; which I laboured, nor any one else.

William Sotheby

1834 · Heroic couplets
She spake—her cautious speech Ulysses tried.
When thus her lord indignantly replied:
‘O woman! thou a bitter word hast said.
‘Who in a different place that bed has laid?
‘’Twere hard for one well skill’d—A heavenly hand
‘Alone could move it from its former stand.
‘No living man, not in youth’s utmost force,
‘Could from its seat that bed with ease divorce:
‘For in that labour’d bed a mighty sign
‘Resides: I made it, and no hand but mine.

H. F. Cary

1823 · Prose
Thus she spoke, trying her husband; but Ulysses grieving addressed his wife, who knew what was prudent; “O my wife, you have uttered this a very grievous word. Who has placed my bed elsewhere? it would be difficult even for one who is very skilful, except God himself should come, who would easily, if he wished it, put it in another place. No mortal alive, even if he were in full vigour, would easily move it away; since a great sign is made in the well-worked bed; which I laboured, nor any one else.

William Cowper

1792 · Blank verse
So spake she, proving him, and not untouch’d
With anger at that word, thus he replied.
Penelope, that order grates my ear.
Who hath displaced my bed? The task were hard
E’en to an artist; other than a God
None might with ease remove it; as for man,
It might defy the stoutest in his prime
Of youth, to heave it to a different spot.
For in that bed elaborate, a sign,
A special sign consists; I was myself
The artificer; I fashion’d it alone.

Alexander Pope

1725 · Heroic couplets
Thus speaks the queen, still dubious, with disguise
Touch’d at her words, the king with warmth replies
“Alas for this! what mortal strength can move
The enormous burden, who but Heaven above?
It mocks the weak attempts of human hands!
But the whole earth must move if Heaven commands
Then hear sure evidence, while we display
Words seal’d with sacred truth and truth obey:
This hand the wonder framed;

Thomas Hobbes

1675 · Heroic couplets
Thus said she, but to try if that were he,
Yet griev’d him to the heart, and made him doubt.
Woman, said he, who has remov’d my bed?
It cannot be but by a force divine.
With my own hands ’twas wrought and finished,
To th’ end thereby it might be known for mine.

John Ogilby

1665 · Heroic couplets
Thus said the Queen, her dearest Lord to trie.
But he, offended, made this rough Reply;
Strangely you talk, your Order’s something odd:
Who can remove that Bed, unless some God
Celestials may by their supernal Power,
But never Mortal shall, though in his Flower.
This as a Signal fram’d I with much Art;
I made it big; ’twas I perform’d that part.

George Chapman

1615 · Heroic couplets
This said she to assay him, and did stir
Ev’n his establish’d patience, and to her;
Whom thus he answer’d: ‘Woman! Your words prove
My patience strangely. Who is it can move
My bed out of his place? It shall oppress
Earth’s greatest understander; and, unless
Ev’n god himself come, that can easily grace
Men in their most skills, it shall hold his place;
For man, he lives not that (as not most skill’d,
So not most young) shall easily make it yield,
If, building on the strength in which he flows,
He adds both levers too and iron crows.
For in the fixture of the bed is shown
A masterpiece, a wonder; and ’twas done
By me, and none but me, and thus was wrought: